Selection of Optimum Land Leveling Design Method for Surface Irrigation

Land leveling or land grading of surface irrigated fields improve irrigation water distribution and application efficiencies, conserve increases crop productivity. formation for face many constraints (ensuring proper slopes, prevention flood, ensuring canal command over the field, optimizing earthwork, minimizing truck travel distances, equipment utilization). Design engineers traditionally, perform site design manually by plane shape, least squire linear programming methods. Such methods are with different characteristics. The main objective this study is to select compare performance these three design. Consequently, basic theory alternative reviewed their using data surveyed from five in Khartoum North-Sudan, each soil topographic configurations, analyzed. statistical analysis revealed that method most appropriate method. Employing slopes row cross directions within acceptable range (0.1 0.5, ratio Cut/fill volumes recommended (1.1 1.3), uniformity elevations grid points target limits (80%), while deviation at 80% around mean before leveling.